Shu Wan

Shu Wan earned MA and MLIS degrees at the University of Iowa and has matriculated as a doctoral student at the University of Buffalo. His research interests focused on the history of disability in East Asia and North America. He also served as a research fellow in the Research Center for Social History of Medicine at Shaanxi Normal University in China and a book review editor in multiple academic journals in China, including World History Studies and Journal of the History of Social Medicine. (Author information current at time of publication.)

Phrenology

Although later regarded as a pseudoscience grounded on racism and racial discrimination, phrenology initially represented an emerging science of investigating individuals’ intellectual capacity and mental faculty based upon the physical features of their skulls and brains. Originated in Europe at the end of the eighteenth century, phrenology came to Philadelphia as a new science in ...